"केरळ" च्या विविध आवृत्यांमधील फरक
Content deleted Content added
छो सांगकाम्याने वाढविले: or:କେରଳ |
No edit summary |
||
ओळ ३९:
A 3rd-century-BC rock inscription by emperor [[Asoka the Great]] attests to a ''Keralaputra''.<ref>http://kerala.gov.in/keralacalljan_08/pg45.pdf</ref> Around 1 BC the region was ruled by the [[Chera Dynasty]], which traded with the [[ancient Greece|Greeks]], [[ancient Rome|Romans]] and [[Arabs]]. The Tamil [[Chera dynasty]], [[Ay]]s and the [[Pandyan Empire]] were the traditional rulers of Kerala whose patriarchal dynasties ruled until the 14th century.<ref name="74.125.153.132">{{cite web|url=http://74.125.153.132/search?q=cache:Es-3_Q0KFWsJ:www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/BookLibrary/books/bibliographie/P/Plinyelder/elder/pliny-india.html+Plini+the+elder+pandion&cd=10&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=in |title=Ancient History Sourcebook: Pliny: Natural History 6.96-111. (On India) |publisher=74.125.153.132 |date=2009-05-06 |accessdate=2009-07-30}}</ref><ref name="Books.google.co.in">{{cite web|url=http://books.google.co.in/books?id=rQipbjusDyQC&pg=PA301&lpg=PA301&dq=nelcynda&source=bl&ots=gAMpwkJNyJ&sig=Bp8SgxOsnAyK7Pd1dlJMF_dqdxk&hl=en&ei=o8xoSr3TCc-JkQXX8JCoCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3 |title=History of ancient geography - Google Books |publisher=Books.google.co.in |date= |accessdate=2009-07-30}}</ref> The Chera Kingdom were Patriarchal in descendency. The Cheras collapsed after repeated attacks from the neighbouring Chola and Rashtrakuta kingdoms. Feudal [[Namboothiri]] [[Brahmin]] and [[Nair]] city-states subsequently gained control of the region.<ref name="keralagovl">{{cite web |title=Early history of Kerala |publisher=Government of Kerala |accessdate=2007-05-16 |url=http://www.kerala.gov.in/history&culture/earlyhistory.htm }}</ref> Kolla Varsham or Malayalam Era, which is assumed to have been established by King Udaya Marthanda Varma in 825 AD, serves as the official calendar of Kerala.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kerala.gov.in/disttourism/klm.htm |title=officialwebsite of |publisher=Kerala.gov.in |date= |accessdate=2009-07-30}}</ref> Early contact with Europeans gave way to struggles between colonial and native interests. After independence, Kerala state was created in 1956 from the former state of [[Travancore-Cochin]], [[Malabar district]] of [[Madras State]], and [[Kasaragod]] taluk of [[Dakshina Kannada]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hindu.com/yw/2003/11/01/stories/2003110101270300.htm |title=The land that arose from the sea |publisher=The Hindu |date= |accessdate=2009-07-30}}</ref>
===इतिहास===
|