"भूमिती" च्या विविध आवृत्यांमधील फरक

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{{भूमिती/गणित/लेख/अपूर्ण}}
[[चित्र:Pythagorean.svg|thumb|right|250px|पायथागोरसाचा सिद्धांत - काटकोन त्रिकोणाच्या दोन बाजूंवर उभारलेल्या चौरसांच्या क्षेत्रफळांची बेरीज त्रिकोणाच्या कर्णावर उभारलेल्या चौरसाच्या क्षेत्रफळाइतकी असते.]]
'''भूमिती''' ([[ग्रीक भाषा|ग्रीक]]: ''γεωμετρία'' ; [[इंग्लिश भाषा|इंग्रजी]]: ''Geometry'', ''जॉमेट्री'' / ''जिऑमेट्री'' ; अर्थ: ''भू'' -जमीन, ''मिती'' -मापन ;) ही आकृत्यांचे आकार, आकारमान व अवकाशाचे गुणधर्म अभ्यासणारी [[गणित|गणिताची]] एक शाखा आहे. ज्ञात इतिहासानुसार अभिजात गणिताच्या शाखांमधील सर्वाधिक प्राचीन शाखांमध्ये भूमितीची गणना होते. आरंभिक कालखंडात लांबी, क्षेत्रफळ व घनफळ इत्यादी गुणधर्मांच्या व्यावहारिक अभ्यासापर्यंत सीमित असणाऱ्या भूमितीला [[इ.स.पू.चे ३ रे शतक|इ.स.पू.च्या ३ ऱ्या शतकात]] [[युक्लिड]] या ग्रीक तत्त्वज्ञाने केलेल्या विषयाच्या संगतवार मांडणीमुळे सैद्धान्तिक बैठक मिळाली. Archimedesआर्किमिडीज developedया ingeniousग्रीक techniquesपदार्थवैज्ञानिकाने forयाने calculatingक्षेत्रफळे areasआणि andआकारमान volumes,मोजण्यासाठी in manyआधुनिक waysपूर्णांकी anticipatingगणन modernपद्धतीचे integralतंत्र कुशलतेने विकसित केले calculus. The field of astronomy, especially as it relates to mapping the positions of stars and planets on the celestial sphere and describing the relationship between movements of celestial bodies, served as an important source of geometric problems during the next one and a half millennia. In the classical world, both geometry and astronomy were considered to be part of the Quadrivium, a subset of the seven liberal arts considered essential for a free citizen to master.
 
The introduction of coordinates by René Descartes and the concurrent developments of algebra marked a new stage for geometry, since geometric figures such as plane curves could now be represented analytically in the form of functions and equations. This played a key role in the emergence of infinitesimal calculus in the 17th century. Furthermore, the theory of perspective showed that there is more to geometry than just the metric properties of figures: perspective is the origin of projective geometry. The subject of geometry was further enriched by the study of the intrinsic structure of geometric objects that originated with Euler and Gauss and led to the creation of topology and differential geometry.
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