"भूमिती" च्या विविध आवृत्यांमधील फरक

'''भूमिती''' ([[ग्रीक भाषा|ग्रीक]]: ''γεωμετρία'' ; [[इंग्लिश भाषा|इंग्रजी]]: ''Geometry'', ''जॉमेट्री'' / ''जिऑमेट्री'' ; अर्थ: ''भू'' -जमीन, ''मिती'' -मापन ;) ही आकृत्यांचे आकार, आकारमान व अवकाशाचे गुणधर्म अभ्यासणारी [[गणित|गणिताची]] एक शाखा आहे. ज्ञात इतिहासानुसार अभिजात गणिताच्या शाखांमधील सर्वाधिक प्राचीन शाखांमध्ये भूमितीची गणना होते. आरंभिक कालखंडात लांबी, क्षेत्रफळ व घनफळ इत्यादी गुणधर्मांच्या व्यावहारिक अभ्यासापर्यंत सीमित असणाऱ्या भूमितीला [[इ.स.पू.चे ३ रे शतक|इ.स.पू.च्या ३ ऱ्या शतकात]] [[युक्लिड]] या ग्रीक तत्त्वज्ञाने केलेल्या विषयाच्या संगतवार मांडणीमुळे सैद्धान्तिक बैठक मिळाली.Geometry (Ancient Greek: γεωμετρία; geo- "earth", -metron "measurement") is a branch of mathematics concerned with questions of shape, size, relative position of figures, and the properties of space. A mathematician who works in the field of geometry is called a geometer. Geometry arose independently in a number of early cultures as a body of practical knowledge concerning lengths, areas, and volumes, with elements of formal mathematical science emerging in the West as early as Thales (6th Century BC). By the 3rd century BC, geometry was put into an axiomatic form by Euclid, whose treatment—Euclidean geometry—set a standard for many centuries to follow.[1] Archimedes developed ingenious techniques for calculating areas and volumes, in many ways anticipating modern integral calculus. The field of astronomy, especially as it relates to mapping the positions of stars and planets on the celestial sphere and describing the relationship between movements of celestial bodies, served as an important source of geometric problems during the next one and a half millennia. In the classical world, both geometry and astronomy were considered to be part of the Quadrivium, a subset of the seven liberal arts considered essential for a free citizen to master.